Choosing and maintaining the right wetsuit for you

Your comfort, warmth, and overall diving experience can be dramatically impacted by your wetsuit selection. This article aims to guide you through the process of choosing an appropriate wetsuit, with specific considerations for New Zealand diving conditions.

1. Fit by body size and shape

A well-fitting wetsuit is essential for both comfort and safety. Wetsuits work by trapping a thin layer of water between the suit and your skin, which your body then heats. If the suit is too loose, too much water will flush through, making it difficult for your body to keep warm. If it's too tight, it can restrict movement potentially breathing uncomfortable in an already pressured environment.
Most wetsuit manufacturers offer a range of sizes for both men and women, with different cuts to accommodate different body shapes. It's important to measure yourself accurately and refer to the manufacturer's size chart when trying on at the store. Take your time, try on multiple options before committing to a purchase. Small improvements in fit can make a big difference to insulation and comfort.

2. Flexibility, stretch, internal linings and seams

The manufacturing material and design of a wetsuit affect its flexibility and stretch.
High-end wetsuits often use a super stretch neoprene, which provides excellent flexibility, making it easier to put the suit on and take it off, and allowing a greater range of movement while diving. Cheaper wetsuits are usually less flexible but in some cases can be more durable.

Internal linings can enhance a wetsuit's warmth and comfort. Some more expensive suits feature plush or thermal linings that provide extra insulation, making them a good choice for cooler waters.

There are three main types of seams used in wetsuits: flatlock, glued and blind stitched (GBS), and sealed and taped.

1. Flatlock Seams:
These are the simplest type of seams and are typically found in cheaper wetsuits designed for warm water use (above 17°C). The two pieces of neoprene are laid over each other and stitched together. This creates a flat seam, which is comfortable and flexible, but it also allows a small amount of water to seep through.

2. Glued and Blind Stitched (GBS) Seams:
GBS seams are common in mid-range and high-end wetsuits designed for cooler water use. The neoprene pieces are first glued together and then stitched on one side without piercing all the way through, hence the term "blind stitched". This type of seam is more watertight than flatlock seams, providing better thermal insulation.

3. Sealed and Taped Seams:
These are the most watertight type of seams and are found in high-end wetsuits designed for cold water use. They start with a GBS seam, which is then internally reinforced with a liquid rubber seal or a neoprene tape. This provides the best thermal insulation and durability, but these wetsuits are also the most expensive

3. Local Sea Water Temperatures by Season

In New Zealand, sea temperatures vary considerably by region and season. Northern regions like the Bay of Islands can reach up to 22°C and more in the summer, while southern areas like Dunedin can drop to 8°C in the winter.
Here's a general guideline for choosing wetsuit thickness based on water temperature:

Water temperatures of 21°C and above: a 2mm shorty or spring suit.

• 17°C to 20°C: a 3mm full suit.
  
• 14°C to 17°C: a 5mm full suit.
  
• 10°C to 14°C: a 7mm full suit or a drysuit.
  
• Below 10°C: a drysuit is recommended
  

Always consider your personal comfort and tolerance to cold when choosing a wetsuit thickness.

4. Zip styles - should you care?

There are three main types of wetsuit zips:
1. Back zips:
Back zips are traditional and generally easier to get in and out of. They are usually found on lower end suits and tend to be the least insulated from occasional cold streams of water.

2. Chest zips:
Chest zips offer better flexibility and minimise water flushing through the suit. These are the most common on higher-quality SCUBA suits.

3. Zip-free:
Zip-free suits aim to provide the best flexibility and water sealing, but can be more challenging to put on. Zip-free wetsuits tend to be designed for flexibility over insulation and thus are better suited to spearfishing, freediving and surfing than SCUBA diving.

The choice of zip style is largely personal, but it's worth trying different styles to see what you prefer.

5. Wear and tear and warranties

Wetsuits are not immune to wear and tear, especially when used regularly in saltwater and sun. Regular cleaning and proper storage can help prolong the life of your wetsuit.
When buying a new wetsuit, check the warranty policy. Most reputable wetsuit manufacturers offer warranties against defects in materials and workmanship, which typically range from one to three years. However, warranties usually do not cover normal wear and tear, so it's important to take good care of your suit.

6. Taking care of and maintaining your wetsuit

Proper care and maintenance will significantly extend the life of your wetsuit, keeping it in good condition for many dives to come. Here are some key tips to keep your wetsuit in the best possible shape:
1. Rinse after each use
Rinse your wetsuit in fresh water after every use. Saltwater and chlorine can degrade the neoprene material over time, so it's important to remove these elements. Avoid hot water as it can cause the suit to lose flexibility.

2. Use a wetsuit cleaner occasionally
Every once in a while, consider using a wetsuit cleaner to thoroughly clean your suit. These specialised cleaners help remove salt and organic material that can cause odours and degrade the neoprene.

3. Dry properly
After rinsing, allow your wetsuit to dry properly inside and out in a well-ventilated, shaded area. Sunlight can damage neoprene, so avoid leaving your suit in direct sunlight for extended periods. Always ensure your wetsuit is fully dry before storing it to prevent mildew growth.

4. Hang Carefully
When hanging your wetsuit to dry or for storage, use a thick, wide hanger to prevent creases and stretching. Avoid wire hangers or hanging your wetsuit by the shoulders, as this can cause the material to deform.

5. Store correctly
When not in use, store your wetsuit in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. If possible, hang it up on a thick or padded hanger rather than folding it to avoid creases.

6. Avoid sharp objects
Be mindful of where you put on and take off your wetsuit. Sharp objects, rough surfaces, and even long fingernails can tear the neoprene.

7. Check for damage regularly
Regularly inspect your wetsuit for signs of wear and tear. Small tears can be repaired with a wetsuit repair kit, which can help extend the life of the suit.

8. Use with care
Avoid excessive stretching when putting on or taking off your wetsuit. Pulling too hard can result in unnecessary stress on the seams and material.

Remember, a well-cared-for wetsuit not only lasts longer but also offers better performance and comfort. So, give your wetsuit the care it deserves, and it will serve you well in many dives to come.

Summary

1. Fit: Choose the right wetsuit size and cut for your body shape for a snug fit that's not too tight.
   
2. Comfort and Flexibility: Consider the wetsuit's flexibility, stretch, and internal linings for comfort and ease of movement.
   
3. Local Sea Water Temperatures: Choose your wetsuit thickness according to local sea water temperatures and your personal comfort level.
   
4. Zip Styles: Consider the benefits of different zip styles, including back zips, chest zips, and zip-free suits.
   
5. Wear and Tear and Warranty: Check the wetsuit's warranty policy, and remember to clean and store your wetsuit properly to prolong its life.
   

Choosing the right wetsuit is a personal and essential part of your diving and snorkelling experience. Take the time to make the right choice, and you'll reap the benefits in every dive